Me yasa Gwanayen Nickel?

Gilashin Nickel

Hakanan ana kiran gami da tushen Nickel a matsayin superalloys masu tushen ni saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfin su, ƙarfin juriya da juriyar lalata. Tsarin lu'ulu'u mai tsaka-tsakin fuska alama ce ta keɓaɓɓiyar gami tun lokacin da nickel ke aiki azaman mai tabbatar da yanayin haɓaka.

Additionalarin ƙarin abubuwan sinadaran gama-gari zuwa gami mai tushen nickel sune chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, baƙin ƙarfe da tungsten.

Inconel® da Hastelloy® Nickel na Alloys

Biyu daga cikin sanannun gidajen gami da ke da alaƙa sune Inconel® da Hastelloy®. Sauran sanannun masana'antun sune Waspaloy®, Allvac® da General Electric®.

Mafi sanannen gami mai tushen Inconel® shine:

• Inconel® 600, 2.4816 (72% Ni, 14-17% Cr, 6-10% Fe, 1% Mn, 0.5% Cu): Abun haɗin nickel-chrome-iron wanda ke nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali akan sikeli mai faɗi mai faɗi. Barga da chlorine da ruwan chlorine.
• Inconel® 617, 2.4663 (ma'aunin Nickel, 20-23% Cr, 2% Fe, 10-13% Co, 8-10% Mo, 1.5% Al, 0.7% Mn, 0.7% Si): Wannan gami da aka yi mafi yawa na nickel , chrome, cobalt da molybdenum suna nuna ƙarfi da ƙarfin juriya.
• Inconel® 718 2.4668 (50-55% Ni, 17-21% Cr, Mizanin ƙarfe, 4.75-5.5% Nb, 2.8-3.3% Mo, 1% Co,) sananne ne saboda kyakkyawan aiki da kyawawan kayan masarufi a yanayin ƙarancin zafi.

Hastelloy® sanannun gami an san su da juriya akan acid. Mafi na kowa su ne:

• Hastelloy® C-4, 2.4610 (ma'aunin Nickel, 14.5 - 17.5% Cr, 0 - 2% Co, 14 - 17% Mo, 0 - 3% Fe, 0 - 1% Mn): C-4 nickel- chrome-molybdenum gami wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin muhalli tare da acid inorganic.
• Hastelloy® C-22, 2.4602 (ma'aunin Nickel, 20 -22.5% Cr, 0 - 2.5% Co, 12.5 - 14.5% Mo, 0 - 3% Fe, 0-0.5% Mn, 2.5 -3.5 W): C- 22 shine nau'in haɗin nickel-chrome-molybdenum-tungsten mai saurin lalacewa wanda ke nuna kyakkyawan naci akan acid.
• Hastelloy® C-2000, 2.4675 (ma'aunin Nickel, 23% Cr, 2% Co, 16% Mo, 3% Fe): Ana amfani da C-2000 a cikin muhallin da ke tattare da iskar gas mai ƙarfi, kamar su sulfuric acid da ferric chloride.

♦ Inganta dorewar kayan aikin nickel

Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na Nickel sanannun sanannun kayan aikin injina ne kamar juriya da lalata yanayin zafin jiki. Koyaya, kusan babu wani yanki da zai iya wanzuwa har abada, komai kyawun kayan. Don tsawan tsawon rayuwar sassan, ana iya amfani da gishirin da ke bisa nickel tare da BoroCoat®, maganin yaduwar mu don inganta lalata da kuma sanya juriya da kuma samar da kwanciyar hankali akan masu gurza abubuwa.

Yadudduka na yaduwa na BoroCoat® suna inganta taurin saman ƙasa har zuwa 2600 HV yayin riƙe layin yaduwa na 60 µm. An inganta juriya da lalacewa da kyau, kamar yadda aka tabbatar ta fil akan gwajin diski. Yayinda zurfin lalacewar ginshiƙan mai amfani da nikil wanda ba a kula da shi ba yana kara tsawon fil din yana juyawa, gami da ni da BoroCoat® suna nuna zurfin zurfin lalacewa cikin gwajin.

♦ Yankunan Aikace-aikace

Alloys tare da tushen nickel galibi ana amfani dasu a cikin yankuna masu ƙalubale waɗanda ke buƙatar kyakkyawan juriya akan ƙarancin yanayin zafi da ƙarancin yanayi, hadawan abu / lalata da ƙarfi. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa aikace-aikace suka haɗa amma ba'a iyakance ga: injin injin turbin, fasahar shuka wutar lantarki, masana'antar sinadarai, injiniyan sararin samaniya da bawul / kayan aiki.

 Kimanin kashi 60% na nickel a duniya sun ƙare a matsayin haɗin bakin ƙarfe. An zaɓi shi saboda ƙarfinsa, taurinsa, da juriyarsa ga lalata. Duplex bakin karfe yawanci dauke da kusan 5% nickel, austenitics kusa da 10% nickel, da kuma super austenitics kan 20%. Matakan da ke jure wa Heat sau da yawa suna ƙunshe da 35% nickel. Gilashin da ke tushen Nickel galibi sun ƙunshi nickel 50% ko fiye.